SELF-AWARENESS
- Says first and last names
- Knows gender
- Separates easily from parent in familiar surroundings
- Takes pride in own achievements
- Seeks to recapture babyhood
SELF CONTROL
- Likes routines in daily activities
- Clings to familiar toys and clothing
- Shows increasing independence (e.g. refuses to have hand held)
- Wants to make decisions
- Demonstrates improved self control
- Begins to obey and respect simple rules
- Resists change
- Experiences difficulty with transitions
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
- Becomes dictatorial and demanding
- Greets adults spontaneously
- Discovers satisfaction from doing things for others
- Says "please" and "thank you" with reminders
- Replaces physical agressiveness with verbal scolding
SOCIAL PLAY
- Snatches toys from other children
- Watches other children in play
- Joins other children in play occasionally
- Enjoys using the same plaything as a nearby child
- Shares or trades occasionally
- Understands taking turns
- May have peer preference
- Engages in independent dramatic play
- Plays interactive games
ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR
- Begins to use a fork
- Pours liquid from a small container
- Takes off most clothing
- Unbuttons front buttons
- Dresses self with minimal assistance
- Selects own clothes to wear
- Puts on own coat
- Goes to toilet by self with minimal assistance
- Has some toileting accidents
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PROBLEM SOLVING
- Begins abstract thinking
- Uses foresight in problem solving
- Shows planning in play
- Increases sophistication of tool usage
- Demonstrates increased appreciation of adult standards by trying to correct the violation (e.g. spontaneously makes speech corrections)
- Uses logic to relate experiences
CAUSALITY
- Uses adults as a resource when independent attempts fail
- Recognizes operation of an increasing variety of mechanisms
- Understands logical consequences
CLASSIFICATION
- Matches objects and their functional complements (e.g. nail to hammer)
- Matches objects by function (e.g. comb and brush)
- Matches picture to picture
- Understands big and little
- Understands the concept of one
- Counts by rote to five
- Can count two objects
- Discriminates sizes (e.g. nests four boxes)
MEMORY
- Remembers ideas for play
- Repeats two digits
- Can dual focus
- Recalls and repeats simple songs
- Reconstructs social sequence appropriately at a later time (e.g. picks up phone, says hello, and calls for adult)
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IMITATION
- Imitates peers
- Acts out events from family life
- Begins to act out events from storybooks and television
ROLES
- Begins to impersonate occupational or fictional roles
- Assumes a complementary role to an experienced partner
- Makes replica use objects in a functionally appropriate way
- Talks as the narrator in play
- Makes dolls talk in play
ACTIONS
- Produces multi-scene episodes in meaningful order
- Narrates play in past and future tense
OBJECTS
- Prefers realistic props
- Engages in empty handed miming (eg. pretends to drink with no cup)
- Uses a dissimiliar object as a signifier for an absent object
- Uses own body representationally (eg. plays "I'm a little tea pot")
- Begins representational drawing
- Recognizes part/whole relationships
- Recognizes missing part of an incomplete picture
SPATIAL
- Constructs in a vertical plane with planning and adjustment
- Matches objects with common relational parts using foresight
- Puts graduated sizes in order using foresight
- Constructs in two dimensions (eg. builds a three block bridge)
- Uses blocks as enclosures for dolls and animals
- Orients personal accessories correctly (eg. puts on sunglasses directly)
SENSORY
- Recognizes familiar objects by touch
- Enjoys finger painting, modeling clay, water play and sand play
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AUDITORY PROCESSING
- Repeats two-three elements in a series
- Repeats a simple phrase in a song or story
VOCABULARY/CONCEPTS
- Identifies at least 15 objects or people in pictures
- Identifies objects by their functions
- Identifies familiar objects by touch
- Identifies at least three actions in pictures
- Understands size concepts (e.g. longer, tall)
- Understands spatial concepts (e.g. under, out, together, away from)
- Understands number concepts (e.g. one, more, all)
- Understands some feeling words (e.g. happy, sad)
- Understands 400-800 words
COMMANDS
- Follows two part unrelated commands (e.g. get the car, throw the ball)
- Follows three part simple related commands (e.g. get the ball, sit down and roll it)
- Follows commands with two related actions (e.g. run fast)
QUESTIONS
- Responds to yes/no, what, where, what do, whose,why and how many qustions
- Responds to personal questions regarding entire name, age and gender
- Comprehends questions regarding physical needs (e.g. What do you do when you are hungry, cold, sleepy?)
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VOCALIZATION/PHONOLOGY
- Produces intelligible speech 90% of the time
- Produces developmental errors (e.g. cluster reduction -poon/spoon; liquid gliding, wock/rock)
INTENTION/DISCOURSE
- Greets others spontaneously
- Uses polite words such as please and thank you when reminded
- Names what is drawn
- Relates experiences from recent past
- Initiates topics and maintains a few turns in a dialogue
- Participates in storytelling
- Becomes frustrated when speech is not understood by others
SEMANTICS
- Averages 50 new words per month
- Has a vocabulary of 400 to 800 words
- Names at least two colors
SYNTAX
- Has Mean Length of Utterance (M.L.U.) of 3.2 by thirty-six months
- Produces three to four word phrases
- Produces pronouns (e.g. I, me)
- Produces prepositions (e.g. in, on, under)
- Produces plurals (e.g. ?s and ?es)
- Produces contractions (e.g. can't, don't)
- Produces past tense verbs (e.g. walked)
- Produces future tense verbs (e.g. gonna)
- Overgeneralizes verb endings and plurals
- Asks what and where questions
FLUENCY
- Becomes diffluent as sentence formulation becomes more complex
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