SELF-AWARENESS
- Has a strong sense of self importance
- Insists on doing things independently
- Overuses the word "no"
- Often does the opposite of what is asked
- Defends self and possessions
- Shows a wide variety of emotions
- Expresses affection
- Laughs at self initiated discrepant behavior
- Uses "me" and "you"
- Explores environment energetically
- Identifies four body parts
- Demonstrates sensitivity to criticism
SELF CONTROL
- Tries to control others (e.g. orders, resists)
- Resists with tantrums
- Has difficulty with transitions
- Can delay needs for only a few minutes
- Follows simple directions related to daily routine
- Handles separation from familiar person
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
- Alternates between clinging to and independence from familiar adults
- Identifies photos of self and familiar people
- Likes to please others
- Has genuine interest in the mother and baby relationship
- Understands what belongs to others
- Performs for others
- Enjoys sharing books with adults
- Tries to comfort others in distress
SOCIAL PLAY
- Plays near other children but not with them
- Enjoys solitary play
- Carries or hugs dolls
- Smiles and makes eye contact with other children
- Enjoys rough house play
- Enjoys songs and attempts to sing
- Switches roles in simple games
ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR
- Gives up bottle
- Holds cup with one hand and sets down after drinking
- Uses spoon with little spilling
- Distinguishes between food and non-food
- Removes simple garments
- Puts on hat
- Inconsistently indicates toileting needs
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PROBLEM SOLVING
- Uses trial and error strategizing in problem solving
- Uses a tool to obtain a desired object (e.g. pushes up a chair to climb)
- Becomes aware of having a goal
- Smiles upon attaining mastery
- Demonstrates awareness of adult standards (e.g. aware of broken toy)
CAUSALITY
- Uses others as human means (e.g. directs adult's hand)
- Gives directives to adults
- Approximates reactivation of objects
- Infers a cause, given its effect (e.g. seeks source of a rolled ball)
- Begins to anticipate the outcome of an action
CLASSIFICATION
- Clusters similar objects
- Selects objects misplaced in an array
- Matches shape configuations
OBJECT PERMANANCE
- Directly secures object hidden through a series of invisible displacements, deducing where it is
MEMORY
- Keeps goal in mind while shifting locations
- Uses environmental cues to anticipate future events
- Observes ongoing activities and recreates them later
- Avoids dangerous objects
- Expresses expectancy of an event
- Increases memory for location
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IMITATION
- Varies own imitation creatively from modeled behavior
- Demonstrates deferred imitation
- Infers when a modeled act is too difficult and responds with refusal
ROLES
- Attributes to a replica the ability to act (e.g. lets doll see itself in a mirror)
- Begins simple role playing
- Includes self and partners in the same action (e.g. feeds self, mom, and doll)
- Demonstrates awareness of another's point of view
ACTIONS
- Combines two toys in pretend play (e.g. put a doll on a char)
- Uses same scheme applied to several objects (e.g. stirs in a cup and stirs in a pitcher)
- Uses two related actions carried out in sequence
OBJECTS
- Pretends with realistic objects
- Uses own body representationally (e.g. hops like a bunny)
SPATIAL
- Orients personal accessories generally (e.g. puts sunglasses toward nose, but below ears)
- Fits multiple items into a container
- Manipulates object to move it through a small opening
- Constructs in a vertical plane
- Aligns several objects
- Approximates nesting
- Matches objects with relational parts (e.g. completes a three piece puzzre)
- Places chairs around a doll table
SENSORY
- Enjoys finger painting, modeling clay, water play, and sand play
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AUDITORY PROCESSING
- Dances/sings to music
- Makes simple choice without a visual cue
VOCABULARY/CONCEPTS
- Identifies four body parts on self
- Identifies four clothing pieces
- Identifies five pictures of simple objects
- Identifies photo of self or familiar people
- Identifies household objects
- Understands routine descriptors (e.g., mine, me, you)
- Understands a few common category titles (eg. food, clothes)
COMMANDS
- Picks up toys upon request
- Continues to follow two commands with one object (e.g. pick up the baby and put it on the chair)
QUESTIONS
- Answers where questions
- Answers what questions
- Answers yes/no questions
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VOCALIZATION/PHONOLOGY
- Eliminates use of jargon
- Attempts to hum and sing
- Masters syllableness (e.g. puppy)
- Masters prevocalic consonants (e.g. ball)
- Produces velar /k,g/ deviations some of the time
INTENTION/DISCOURSE
- Uses words and less gestures to interact with others
- Begins to engage in dialogue
- Begins to relate recent experiences
- Displays listening to other's language
- Continues to request information and to answer questions
- Begins to acknowledge using "okay"
SEMANTICS
- Produces ten to fifteen words by eighteen months
- Produces 50-200 words by twenty-four months
- Continues to overgeneralize terms
- Produces semantic functions such as:
action (e.g. up, down)
descriptors (e.g. good, bad, hot)
existence (e.g. ball)
location (e.g. in,on)
non-existence and disappearance (e.g. all gone)
possession (e.g. mine)
recurrence (e.g. more)
SYNTAX
- Has Mean Length of Utterance (M.L.U.) of 1.2 - 1.3 by twenty-one months
- Has Mean Length of Utterance (M.L.U.) of 1.6 by twenty-four months
- Produces two word phrases by twenty-four months with some three word phrases
- Uses some pronouns (e.g. mine, your)
- Begins to use present progressives (e.g.ing)
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