6-9 Months

SOCIAL/EMOTIONAL

COGNITIVE

PLAY

LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION

LANGUAGE PRODUCTION

SELF-AWARENESS

• Recognizes and responds to own name
• Distinguishes self as separate from parent
• Shows anxiety over separation from parent
• Responds playfully to mirror

SELF CONTROL

• Objects to disappearance of toy or person
• Entertains self for short periods of time

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

• Seeks contact with parent
• Shows fear of strangers
• Reacts in response to "no" most of the time
• Raises arms in response to gesture
• Cooperates in social games
• Engages in joint actions and joint references

SOCIAL PLAY

• Cooperates in social games
• Wants social games continued
• Enjoys frolic play
• Notices and imitates nearby peer

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

• Feeds self finger foods
• Holds own bottle
• Drinks from cup with assistance

PROBLEM SOLVING

• Retrieves dropped objects
• Attends to scribble
• Pulls string or cloth to obtain object after demonsration
• Removes cloth from face directly
• Reaches for second and third objects
• Uses movement as a means to an end
• Demonstrates awareness of dissonance

CAUSALITY

• Uses behavior to have an interesting event repeated
• Attends to consequences of actions with interest
• Shows interest in how things work (e.g. looks for bell/clapper)
• Demonstrates definite intention

CLASSIFICATION

• Differentiates parent from others
• Checks unfamiliar with familiar
• Represents objects perceptually (e.g. rolls ball and rolls apple)

OBJECT PERMANANCE

• Enjoys dropping and throwing games
• Searches for partially hidden object
• Anticipates reappearance of moving object
• Anticipates end position of moving object
• Finds object after watching it disappear

MEMORY

• Anticipates when parent is leaving
• Waits for next step in routine
• Waves and looks responsively

IMITATION

• Imitates actions within repertroire

ACTIONS

• Performs several action patterns with an object (e.g., mouths, shakes and bangs)

OBJECTS

• Plays with objects as encountered
• Begins to explore characteristics of objects
• Expands range of schemes (e.g., poking, tearing)

SPATIAL

• Experiments in viewpoint by playing peek-a-boo games
• Fingers holes in objects
• Combines objects at midline
• Adjusts hand when reaching for object

SENSORY

• Touches, tastes, smells, listens to, and looks at objects

AUDITORY PROCESSING

• Responds to music by briefly stopping actions some of the time
• Listens to speaker without being distracted most of the time

VOCABULARY/CONCEPTS

• Smiles/pats to mirror image
• Reacts to facial expressions
• Begins to recognize familiar people, objects and voices
• Listens in response to familiar words
• Begins to look toward family members or pets when named
• Stops when name is called most of the time
• Reacts in response to "no" most of the time
• Attends to named pictures in a book for about one minute
• Responds with a gesture to familiar phrase (eg. so big)

COMMANDS

• Gives up an object when asked most of the time
• Responds to some simple requests with gestures (eg. give me hug)

VOCALIZATION

• Produces marginal babbling in an arythmical sequence (e.g. aga)
• Begins to produce dipthongs (e.g. ol, ai)
• Imitates tongue click or raspberries
• Produces variation in intonation
• Begins to produce reduplicated babbling in a rhythmical sequence (e.g. baba)
• Begins to produce dental sounds with eruption of first teeth (e.g. t, d, n)
• Produces consonants with front and back of tongue when sitting
• Produces more lip and tongue sounds
• Begins to produce sounds independent of body movements
• Produces short exclamations (e.g. uh-oh)

IMITATION

• Imitates social games
• Imitates a behavior that cannot be seen by self when performed (e.g. tongue click)
• Approximates number of syllables and sound patterns of adult vocalizations
• Repeats amusing sounds

INTENTION/DISCOURSE

• Moves and vocalizes with intent
• Directs means to end behaviors toward a person or an object
• Shouts for attention
• Protests
• Shakes head to indicate no
• Waves bye-bye
• Vocalizes to mirror image
• Uses behavior to have an interesting event repeated
• Exchanges gestures with an adult
• Initiates and takes turns vocalizing

6-9 Months

ORAL-MOTOR/FEEDING

GROSS MOTOR

FINE MOTOR

VISION/HEARING

HEALTH/PHYSICAL GROWTH

PRIMARY FOOD TYPE

• Manages liquids, cereals, pureed, ground, or mashed table food

6-7 MONTHS

• Use suckling or sucking pattern with sucking more predominant
• Loses some liquid when initiating or terminating suck but not during consumption
• Uses longer sequences of suck-swallow-breathe with nipple
• Sucks continuously with uncoordinated swallowing when cup drinking is introduced
• Protrudes and elevates tongue when swallowing in spoon feeding
• Protrudes tongue into cup without elevated tongue tip position
• Moves tongue up and down in munching pattern
• Chews with gross lateralization emerging
• Uses passive lip closure on spoon
• Utilizes active forward and downward upper lip movement with lower lip drawing in upon spoon removal
• Stabilizes with lower lip on cup rim
• Tightens cheek and lip asymmetrically to keep laterally positioned food in place
• Utilizes wide jaw excursions with cup drinking
• Displays a stable, open jaw position until spoon enters mouth
• Chews using vertical, diagonal and rotary movements when foods are place laterally
• Executes phasic bite and release pattern some of the time

7-8 MONTHS

• Moves upper and lower lips independently with spoon
• Closes lips around edge of cup
• Starts to hold solid food between gums and teeth
• Bites off piece of solid food

6 MONTHS

• Shifts weight on extended arm in prone and pushes backwards
• Plays with feet while laying on back
• Rolls supine to prone
• Plays with pelvic motions while sitting
• Sits in a ring fashion
• Accepts full weight in standing while holding on with hands
• Bounces while standing with support

7 MONTHS

• Rolls in and out of sidelying in play
• Pivots in circles when in prone position
• Rotates into sitting from hands and knees position
• Pulls to stand and accepts full weight (may use half kneeling to attain stance)

8 MONTHS

• Crawls or creeps on hands and knees
• Rotates trunk while in sitting position
• Bounces in standing position

6 MONTHS

• Begins to use radial-palmar grasp
• Transfers objects from one hand to another in a smooth fashion
• Uses raking style grasp on contact with small objects
• Moves from using ulnar to radial type grasp
• Masters voluntary grasp
• Reaches unilaterally with full elbow extension
• Frees arms for play while sitting

7 MONTHS

• Uses radial palmar grasp with wrist straight
• Rakes at small objects
• Flexes fingers in weight bearing position
• Begins to hold two small objects in one hand
• Reaches unilaterally
• Shakes, bangs and mouths objects

8 MONTHS

• Uses radial-digital grasp style
• Begins voluntary release of objects
• Reaches unilaterally while sitting
• Drops, throws, pushes, and pull objects
• Continues to shake, bang and mouth objects
• Begins to play games at midline with both hands (e.g. pat-a-cake)

VISION

6 MONTHS

• Inspects objects with eyes and hands for prolonged periods of time
• Converges eyes equally to nasal bridge
• Rolls eyes easily to extreme right and left
• Moves eyes smoothly
• Visually follows adult movement across room
• Looks for object that has disappeared
• Shifts visual attention from one object to two or more objects
• Removes cloth placed over face
• Responds to facial expressions
• Recognizes faces up to six yards away

7 MONTHS

• Follows tracking with hands
• Responds playfully to mirror

8 MONTHS

• Prefers more complex visual stimuli
• Attempts to secure objects beyond reach
• Demonstrates ability to fixate on very small objects

HEARING

• Localizes voices, singing and environmental sounds
• Reacts after stopped voice or sound
• Enjoys sound making toys

6 MONTHS

Girls - 12-3/4 - 19-1/4 lbs
Boys - 13-3/4 - 20-3/4 lbs

Girls - 24-1/4 - 27-3/4 in
Boys - 25 - 28-1/2 in

Girls - 40.3 - 44.6 cm
Boys - 41.5 - 46.2 cm

• Takes 9-10 ounces of liquid/cereal per feeding by six months
• Takes four breast/formula feedings per day at intervals of no more than every four hours (cereals or strained foods are given with three of the feedings)

• Sleeps 14 hours per 24 hour period, includes two to three naps
• Sleeps 5-6 hours through the night
• Gains 3-5 ounces per week (3/4 lbs per month) from six to twelve months
• Grows 1/2 in per month from six to twelve months
• Demonstrates increases in head circumference of 0.5 cm per month from six to twelve months
• Begins tooth eruptions generally lower central incisors (six to ten months)
• Continues immunization series per recommended guidelines

7 - 8 MONTHS

• Takes approximately 11 ounces of food/liquid per feeding, with four to six feedings per day
• Starts pureed or mashed table foods in daily meals
• Begins to show definite taste preferences

• Continues teething with eruption of upper central incisors (seven to twelve months)